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1.
Rev. bras. ativ. fís. saúde ; 28: 1-11, mar. 2023.
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1551605

ABSTRACT

The health impacts of physical activity (PA), sedentary behavior (SB), and sleep are well established; thereby, the identification of instruments to assess and monitor these behaviors at a populational lev-el is relevant. In this context, smartwatches, which are wristwatch-shaped devices equipped with sen-sors, have been identified as alternatives for objectively measuring PA, SB, and sleep. Therefore, this protocol aimed at describing the goals and methods of a scoping review to map the literature on the use of smartwatches to objectively measure PA, SB, and/or sleep across the lifespan (e.g., children, adolescents, adults, and elderly) and in different contexts. Studies will be included if they use smart-watches to objectively measure at least one of the behaviors (PA, SB, and sleep) in children, adoles-cents, adults, and older adults, published after 2013. No language filter will be applied. Searches will be carried out in six databases (Pubmed/Medline, Scopus, Web of Science, LILACS, IEEE Xplore Digital Library, Scielo, Health Technology Assessment Database, and Cochrane clinical trials) and two clinical trial repositories. The screening and data extraction will be performed independently by two authors who had previous experience in reviews and technologies. The synthesis of the results will follow the Joanna Briggs Institute framework for extracting the results in scoping reviews. The results can contribute to scientific progress by identifying gaps and research trends, guiding future studies, and informing companies, healthcare professionals, and the general public who use smart-watch as a measurement tool for physical activity, sedentary behavior, and sleep


Os impactos da atividade física (AF), comportamento sedentário (CS) e sono na saúde são bem estabelecidos, tornando-se relevante identificar instrumentos que permitam avaliar e monitorar esses comportamentos em nível populacional. Nesse contexto, os smartwatches, que são dispositivos em formato de relógio de pulso, com-postos por sensores, tem sido apontado como alternativa para mensurar objetivamente AF, CS e sono. Portanto, o objetivo deste protocolo foi descrever os objetivos e métodos de uma revisão de escopo para mapear a literatura científica sobre o uso de smartwatches para medir objetivamente AF, CS e/ou sono em diferentes populações e contextos. Os estudos serão incluídos se usarem smartwatches para medir objetivamente pelo menos um dos comportamentos (AF, CS e sono) em crianças, adolescentes, adultos e idosos, publicados após 2013. Nenhum filtro de idioma será aplicado. As buscas serão realizadas em sete bases de dados (Pubmed/Medline, Scopus, Web of Science, IEEE Xplore Digital Library, Scielo, LILACS, Health Technology Assessment Database e Cochrane Clinical Trials) e dois repositórios de ensaios clínicos. A triagem e extração dos dados serão realizadas de forma independente por dois autores com experiência prévia em revisões e tecnologias. A síntese dos resultados seguirá o framework do Joanna Briggs Institute para extração dos resultados nas revisões de escopo. Os resultados podem contribuir para o progresso científico, identificando lacunas e tendências de pesquisa, orientando futuros estudos, empresas que atuam neste mercado, profissionais de saúde e o público em geral que utilizam smartwatch como um instrumento de medição para atividade física, comportamento sedentário e sono

2.
Front Plant Sci ; 13: 984804, 2022.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36092396

ABSTRACT

Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is a staple food in Brazil with both nutritional and socioeconomic importance. As an orphan crop, it has not received as much research attention as the commodity crops. Crop losses are strongly related to virus diseases transmitted by the whitefly Bemisia tabaci, one of the most important agricultural pests in the world. The main method of managing whitefly-transmitted viruses has been the application of insecticides to reduce vector populations. Compared to chemical vector control, a more sustainable strategy for managing insect-borne viruses is the development of resistant/tolerant cultivars. RNA interference has been applied to develop plant lines resistant to the whitefly in other species, such as tomato, lettuce and tobacco. Still, no whitefly-resistant plant has been made commercially available to date. Common bean is a recalcitrant species to in vitro regeneration; therefore, stable genetic transformation of this plant has been achieved only at low frequencies (<1%) using particle bombardment. In the present work, two transgenic common bean lines were obtained with an intron-hairpin construct to induce post-transcriptional gene silencing against the B. tabaci vATPase (Bt-vATPase) gene, with stable expression of siRNA. Northern blot analysis revealed the presence of bands of expected size for siRNA in leaf samples of the line Bt-22.5, while in the other line (11.5), the amount of siRNA produced was significantly smaller. Bioassays were conducted with both lines, but only the line Bt-22.5 was associated with significant mortality of adult insects (97% when insects were fed on detached leaves and 59% on the whole plant). The expression of the Bt-vATPase gene was 50% lower (p < 0.05) in insects that fed on the transgenic line Bt-22.5, when compared to non-transgenic controls. The transgenic line did not affect the virus transmission ability of the insects. Moreover, no effect was observed on the reproduction of non-target organisms, such as the black aphid Aphis craccivora, the leafminer Liriomyza sp. and the whitefly parasitoid Encarsia formosa. The results presented here serve as a basis for the development of whitefly-tolerant transgenic elite common bean cultivars, with potential to contribute to the management of the whitefly and virus diseases.

3.
Plants (Basel) ; 11(9)2022 Apr 22.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35567136

ABSTRACT

Encapsulation via nanotechnology offers a potential method to overcome limited thermal and photo-stability of botanical pesticides. In this study, nanospheres of essential oils (NSEO) derived from Zanthoxylum rhoifolium Lam. fruit were characterized and evaluated for their photostability and insecticidal activity against Bemisia tabaci. Three major compounds of Z. rhoifolium fruits were detected by CG-MS: ß-phellandrene (76.8%), ß-myrcene (9.6%), and germacrene D (8.3%). The nanoprecipitation method was used to obtain homogeneous spherical NSEO, with ≥98% encapsulation efficiency. Tests with UV/Vis spectrophotometry showed significantly reduced photodegradation from exposed NSEO samples when compared with essential oil (EO) controls. Whitefly screenhouses bioassays with bean plants treated with 0.25, 0.5, 1 and 1.5% suspensions showed EO treatments in both free and nanoencapsulated forms reduced adult whitefly oviposition by up to 71%. In further tests, applications at 1.5% caused ≥64% mortality of second instar nymphs. When the test was conducted under high temperature and light radiation conditions, the insecticidal effect of NSEO treatments was improved (i.e., 84.3% mortality) when compared to the free form (64.8%). Our results indicate the insecticidal potential of EO-derived from Z. rhoifolium fruits with further formulation as nanospheres providing greater photostability and enhanced insecticidal activity against B. tabaci under adverse environmental conditions.

4.
Rev. bras. ativ. fís. saúde ; 26: 1-12, mar. 2021. fig
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1248137

ABSTRACT

Recent systematic reviews highlighted important relationships between combinations of movement behaviors (ie. sleep, sedentary behaviour, and physical activity) and health outcomes among children and adolescents. However, it is unclear whether similar relationships occur in older adults. Therefore, the purpose of this protocol was to describe the aims and methods for a systematic review to sum-marize the studies examining the relationships between movement behaviors and health outcomes in older adults.A systematic review will be developed based on searches of articles in seven electronic databases and references of retrieved articles, contact with authors, and study repositories. Eligibility criteria: observational or experimental studies examining the association of at least two movement behaviours (sleep, sedentary behaviour, and physical activity) with health outcomes in older adults (≥ 60 years old). Selection of the studies and extraction of the data will be carried out by two reviewers independently. Characteristics of the study, participants, methods of combinations, and main results will be extracted and described. Risk of bias and level of evidence in the studies will be assessed according to the study quality tool of the US National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute and the GRADE guidelines. The data will be synthesized using random effects meta-analysis for results that are sufficiently homogeneous in terms of statistical, clinical, and methodological characteristics. If not, then a narrative synthesis will be conducted. The results of this review may provide insights to improve current guidelines on 24-hour cycle in older adults, as well as guide future studies in this research field


Recentes revisões sistemáticas têm demonstrado haver uma relação entre combinações de sono, comportamento sedentário e atividade física e desfechos de saúde em crianças e adolescentes. Entretanto, ainda permanece incerto se essas relações ocorrem de forma similar em idosos. Portanto, este protocolo objetivou descrever os objetivos e métodos de uma revisão sistemática que sumarizará os estudos que examinaram a relação entre combinações de sono, comportamento sedentário e atividade física e desfechos de saúde em idosos. Uma revisão sistemática será desenvolvida com base nas buscas de artigos em sete bases de dados, nas referências dos artigos incluídos, em contato com os autores e em repositório de estudos. Como critérios de inclusão, estudos observacionais ou experimentais analisando a associação entre a combinação de pelo menos dois dos três comportamentos (sono, comportamento sedentário e atividade física) com desfechos de saúde em idosos (≥ 60 anos). O processo de seleção e extração dos dados será realizado por dois revisores de forma independente. As características dos estudos, participantes, métodos de combinação dos comportamentos e principais resultados serão extraídos e descritos. O risco de viés e o nível de evidência serão analisados, respectivamente, pela ferramenta de avaliação de qualidade do US National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute e pelo guideline GRADE. Os dados serão sintetizados usando metanálise com efeitos randômicos quando os resultados apresentaram suficiente homogeneidade estatística, clínica e metodológica. Do contrário, os resultados serão apresentados por meio de síntese narrativa. Os resultados desta revisão podem fornecer informações para aprimorar as diretrizes do ciclo das 24 horas, bem como podem fornecer informações para futuros estudos nesse campo de pesquisa


Subject(s)
Sleep , Aged , Sedentary Behavior , Motor Activity
5.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int ; 28(15): 19485-19496, 2021 Apr.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33394453

ABSTRACT

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were measured in 32 surface sediment samples collected around three cities (Barcarena, Belém, and Santana) located on the coast of the Brazilian Amazon. The concentration of total PAHs ranged from lower than detection limit to 33,101 ng g-1 in a sample from Barcarena and was related to a large aluminum industrial complex and port activities. In Belém, which is the most populated area in the Amazon region, PAHs were probably derived from untreated sewage discharge and inputs from a large municipal landfill. Pyrogenic PAHs were predominant in both cities, with a smaller contribution of petrogenic PAHs. Low alkylated PAH levels may be associated with small boats and ship traffic. Santana had low total PAH concentrations, with a predominance of unusual alkylated PAHs, probably related to diagenetic transformations of organic matter in the sediment. In general, PAH concentrations in the samples were low and may reflect baseline levels for this Amazon estuarine system.


Subject(s)
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons , Water Pollutants, Chemical , Brazil , Cities , Environmental Monitoring , Geologic Sediments , Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons/analysis , Water Pollutants, Chemical/analysis
6.
Rev. bras. cineantropom. desempenho hum ; 22: e74881, 2020. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1143972

ABSTRACT

Abstract This study aimed to estimate the propulsive force of the arm (PFA) in young freestyle swimmers and propose an equation to estimate propulsive force, considering anthropometric variables and maturity offset. Seventy-six competitive swimmers [boys: n= 53; age= 13.58 ± 1.79; girls: n= 23; age= 12.98 ± 1.79] participated in this study. Height, lean mass, sitting height, leg length, arm span, triceps skinfold, arm muscle area (AMA), and maturity offset were assessed. The propulsive force of the arm was measured by the tethered swim test. A multiple linear regression (concurrent model) was used to develop the equation using the variables AMA, arm span, and maturity offset. The Bland-Altman method was used to compare the values found between PFA and propulsive force-estimated (PFE). There was a significant correlation between the variables PFA and AMA (R²=0.12; p<0.01), arm span (R²=0.21; p<0.01), and maturity offset (R²=0.20; p<0.01) for boys, whilst in girls theses values were: AMA (R²=0.07;p=0.20), arm span (R²=0.50;p<0.01), and maturity offset (R²=0.44;p<0.01). Two linear equations were established to predict the PFA in boys and girls Bland-Altman analysis showed an agreement between PFA and PFE. In conclusion, the equation is a valuable tool to monitor training and help improve swimmer performance.


Resumo Este estudo teve como objetivo estimar a força propulsora da braçada(FPB) em jovens nadadores do estilo livre e propor uma equação para estimar a força propulsora, considerando variáveis antropométricas e a maturação. Setenta e seis nadadores competitivos [meninos: n = 53; idade = 13,58 ± 1,79; meninas: n = 23; idade = 12,98 ± 1,79] participaram deste estudo. Foram avaliados: altura, massa magra, estatura sentada, comprimento da perna, envergadura, dobra cutânea do tríceps, área muscular do braço (AMB) e maturação. A força propulsiva da braçada foi medida pelo teste de nado atado. Uma regressão linear múltipla (modelo concorrente) foi usada para desenvolver a equação usando as variáveis AMB, envergadura e maturação. O método de Bland - Altman foi utilizado para comparar os valores encontrados entre FPB e força propulsiva estimada (FPE). Houve correlação significativa entre as variáveis FPB e AMB (R² = 0,12; p <0,01), envergadura (R² = 0,21; p <0,01) e maturação (R² = 0,20; p <0,01) para meninos, enquanto os valores das meninas foram: AMB (R² = 0,07; p = 0,20), envergadura (R² = 0,50; p <0,01) e maturação (R² = 0,44; p <0,01). Duas equações lineares foram estabelecidas para predizer a FPB em meninos e meninas. A análise de Bland-Altman mostrou concordância entre FPB e FPE. Em conclusão, a equação é uma ferramenta valiosa para monitorar o treinamento e ajudar a melhorar o desempenho do nadador.

7.
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1137224

ABSTRACT

Abstract The aim of this study was to analyze the association between body composition and performance in the karate specific aerobic test (KSAT). This is a study carried out with thirteen athletes (6 females) with a mean age of 20.7 ± 4.2 years, affiliated to the Pernambuco Federation of Karate Associations, were developing this training routine during the 2018 season. Body mass and height were measured. To measure body composition, the body densitometry method was used by the x-ray double-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) technique. Karate Specific Aerobic Test was used to verify aerobic performance. Association analyzes were performed between body composition variables and KSAT performance using Pearson's correlation test and linear regression. All analyzes adopted a significance of p <0.05. KSAT performance was negatively correlated with total fat mass (r = -0.797; p = 0.001) and fat percentage (r = -0.757; p = 0.003). The linear regression model with the highest explanatory power included total fat and KSAT (adjusted R² = 0.732; p <0.001) exhibited a negative association with total fat (? = -0.21; p <0.001), and the model that included % body fat and KSAT (adjusted R² = 0.708; p = 0.003) were negatively associated with% body fat (? = -22.937; p = 0.001), both adjusted for gender and age. There is a negative association between total fat mass, body fat percentage and karate specific aerobic test performance.


Resumo Objetivou-se analisar a associação entre composição corporal e desempenho no teste aeróbico específico do karatê (KSAT). Trata-se de um estudo realizado com treze atletas (6 mulheres) com idade média de 20,7 ± 4,2 anos, afiliados à Federação das Associações de Karatê de Pernambuco, estavam desenvolvendo essa rotina de treinamento durante a temporada de 2018. A massa corporal e a estatura foram medidas. Para medir a composição corporal, o método de densitometria corporal foi utilizado pela técnica de absorciometria por raios-x duplos (DEXA). Teste aeróbico específico de karatê foi usado para verificar o desempenho aeróbico. As análises de associação foram realizadas entre as variáveis de composição corporal e o desempenho do KSAT usando o teste de correlação de Pearson e regressão linear. Todas as análises adotaram uma significância de p <0,05. O desempenho no KSAT foi negativamente correlacionado com a massa gorda total (r = -0,797; p = 0,001) e o percentual de gordura (r = -0,757; p = 0,003). O modelo de regressão linear com maior poder explicativo incluiu gordura total e KSAT (R² ajustado = 0,732; p <0,001) exibiu associação negativa com gordura total (? = -0,21; p <0,001) e o modelo que incluiu% de gordura corporal e KSAT (R² ajustado = 0,708; p = 0,003) foram associados negativamente com% de gordura corporal (? = -22,937; p = 0,001), ambos ajustados por sexo e idade. Existe uma associação negativa entre a massa gorda total, o percentual de gordura corporal e o desempenho aeróbico específico do karatê.

8.
Molecules ; 23(8)2018 Aug 16.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30115840

ABSTRACT

The aim of our study was to produce and characterize poly-ε-caprolactone (PCL) nanospheres containing essential oils from Zanthoxylum riedelianum fruit and to evaluate their stability gains as well as their insecticidal and deterrent activities against whitefly (Bemisia tabaci). The PCL nanospheres exhibited a homogeneous spherical morphology, with particle diameters between 106.7 nm and 129.2 nm, pH of approximately 6, zeta potential (ZP) lower than -19.0 mV and encapsulation efficiency higher than 98%. Only 43% of the nanoencapsulated essential oil (NSEO) was degraded in response to ultraviolet light, whereas the essential oil (EO) degraded by 76% over the same period. In a free-choice test, the NSEO and EO reduced the number of whitefly eggs by approximately 70%. NSEO and EO at 1.5% killed 82.87% and 91.23% of 2nd-instar nymphs of whitefly, respectively. Although NSEO displayed lower insecticidal activity, it offers a greater advantage over the free EO, due to protection conferred by polymer against photodegradation. Therefore, its usage may optimize the maintenance of essential oils in the field through photoprotection and controlled release. Our results suggest that the EO of Z. riedelianum fruit can be used for B. tabaci management strategy; nevertheless, the benefits of NSEO require further evaluation at the field level.


Subject(s)
Hemiptera , Insecticides/chemistry , Nanospheres/chemistry , Oils, Volatile/chemistry , Zanthoxylum/chemistry , Animals , Drug Liberation , Fruit/chemistry , Nymph , Ovum , Particle Size , Photolysis , Ultraviolet Rays
9.
Rev. AMRIGS ; 60(4): 351-355, out.-dez. 2016. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-847790

ABSTRACT

Coledocolitíase refere-se à presença de cálculos no ducto biliar comum e é secundário à passagem de cálculos da vesícula biliar para o ducto colédoco. A associação dos critérios clínicos, laboratoriais e ultrassonográficos determina sensibilidade de 98% para o diagnóstico de coledocolitíase. A sensibilidade para detectar cálculos segundo os exames de imagens pouco varia entre as técnicas disponíveis, representando acurácia de 90% para ultrassonografia abdominal. A medicina avança continuamente através de novos meios de diagnóstico. À medida que novas tecnologias surgem, anamnese e exame físico aprofundado são desvalorizados. Quanto mais exames forem solicitados, maior a chance de resultados falso-positivos, e resultados mal interpretados podem ocasionar adiamentos e cancelamentos de procedimentos essenciais. O relato refere-se a uma paciente do sexo feminino apresentando icterícia, febre, dor em hipocôndrio direito, transaminases excessivamente elevadas e ultrassom abdominal compatível com cálculo na vesícula biliar e material no colédoco terminal. O relato objetiva evidenciar que a integração entre história, exames físicos e laboratoriais é fundamental para se determinar quais exames adicionais solicitar. A paciente apresentava quadro de coledocolitíase e colangite evidenciados ao exame físico e testes complementares. Entretanto, solicitou-se colangiorressonância ­ desnecessariamente ­ para confirmação diagnóstica a uma paciente sem condições financeiras para investigação adicional. É indiscutível que os modernos recursos tecnológicos proporcionam meios necessários para diagnóstico mais preciso. Deve-se basear em critérios clínicos, laboratoriais e ultrassonográficos na investigação de coledocolitíase. Os exames são como a própria denominação se dá (complementares), e eles servem para auxiliar, complementar o raciocínio médico, e não para, sozinhos, realizar o diagnóstico (AU)


Choledocholithiasis refers to the presence of stones in the common bile duct and is secondary to the passage of calculi from the gallbladder to the common bile duct. The association of clinical, laboratory and ultrasonographic criteria determines a 98% sensitivity for the diagnosis of choledocholithiasis. The sensitivity to detect stones according to imaging varies little across the available techniques, representing an accuracy of 90% for abdominal ultrasonography. Medicine advances continuously through new diagnostic means. As new technologies emerge, anamnesis and in-depth physical examination are devalued. The more tests are requested, the greater the chance of false-positive results, and misinterpreted results may lead to delays and cancellations of essential procedures. The report refers to a female patient with jaundice, fever, right hypochondrium pain, excessively elevated transaminases, and abdominal ultrasound consistent with stone in the gallbladder and material in the terminal bile duct. The aim of the report is to show that the integration between history, physical and laboratory tests are fundamental to determine which additional tests to request. The patient had a picture of choledocholithiasis and cholangitis evidenced on physical examination and complementary tests. However, cholangio resonance was requested ­ unnecessarily ­ for diagnostic confirmation to a patient who could not afford further investigation. It is indisputable that modern technological resources provide the means needed for more accurate diagnosis. The investigation of choledocholithiasis should be based on clinical, laboratory and ultrasonographic criteria. The tests are like the denomination itself (complementary), and they serve to aid, complement the medical reasoning, and not to make the diagnosis alone (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Choledocholithiasis/diagnosis , Preoperative Care , Diagnostic Imaging , Cholangitis/diagnosis , Sensitivity and Specificity , Choledocholithiasis/surgery
10.
Clin. biomed. res ; 36(1): 50-53, 2016. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-788741

ABSTRACT

Strongyloides stercoralis is an intestinal nematode that commonly causes chronic or asymptomatic infection, but in some situations, especially in immunosuppressed patients, infection by this parasite can manifest with extreme severity and high mortality. Hyperinfection syndrome and disseminated strongyloidiasis are two serious, life-threatening presentations associated with immunosuppression. This paper aims to report a case of duodenal strongyloidiasis that was associated with malabsorption syndrome and evolved to hyperinfection.


Subject(s)
Humans , Animals , Male , Opportunistic Infections/complications , Strongyloides stercoralis , Strongyloidiasis
11.
TRIEB ; 13(1): 119-136, 2014.
Article in Portuguese | Index Psychology - journals | ID: psi-64875

ABSTRACT

Este texto busca contatar, compreender e dialogar com as manifestações expressivas do ego-corporal, com o objetivo de transformá-las em imagens verbais e em narrativa. As manifestações expressivas do paciente reverberam no corpo-mente do analista, no seu inconsciente, concedendo o aparecimento de pictogramas cuja leitura permite a construção de narrativas, as transformações narrativas. Duas vinhetas clínicas são apresentadas e revelam os modos como as proto-emoções e sentimentos são transformados em linguagem simbólica. (AU)


The aim of this paper is to get in touch with the body-ego expressive manifestations and its transformation, by analyst’s mind, in symbolic language. Two clinical cases are presented.(AU)


Este articolo busca estudiar las manifestaciones ego-corporales expresivas e sus transformaciones, gracias ao trabajo mental/emocional del analista, en lenguaje simbólica. Dos casos clínicos son presentados.(AU)

12.
Santiago; s.n; 2009. 1-48 p. tab.
Thesis in Spanish | MOSAICO - Integrative health, LILACS | ID: biblio-1007374

ABSTRACT

La siguiente Monografía tiene por objetivo principal dar a conocer y mostrar algunos elementos tratados en el proceso musicoterapéutico aplicado a niñas con Trastorno Especifico del Lenguaje (TEL). Esto se llevo a cabo en La Sociedad Protectora de la Infancia, específicamente en el Colegio Josefina Gana de Johnson, ubicado en la comuna de Puente Alto. Este colegio acoge a niñas de primer y segundo ciclo de enseñanza básica, es decir, de primero a octavo año básico, entre las cuales se encuentran niñas con aprendizaje normal y con Trastorno Especifico del Lenguaje. En las siguientes paginas se dará a conocer las características del trastorno, diferencias y clasificaciones de las diversas problemáticas del trastorno, metodologías abordadas para su tratamiento, intervención musicoterapéutica, metodologías utilizadas, objetivos, descripción de casos y actividades realizadas, además de las conclusiones obtenidas de la aplicación del proceso. La Musicoterapia actúa como un canal integral de la expresividad de las niñas que padecen TEL, modificando ciertas conductas que pueden visualizarse de manera clara respecto al comienzo del proceso musicoterapéutico.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Speech-Language Pathology , Music Therapy , Complementary Therapies , Chile
13.
Otol Neurotol ; 28(3): 301-3, 2007 Apr.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17414034

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To report a case of a patient with otosclerosis of the incus. PATIENTS: A 61-year-old woman with a progressive hearing loss on her left ear and a computed tomographic scan of the temporal bone revealing an expansible lesion of the incus. INTERVENTIONS: The ossicle was removed by using a transtympanomastoid approach; the ossicular chain was reconstructed using a titanium partial ossicular replacement prosthesis. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: The diagnosis of the disease was obtained by means of histopathologic examination of the specimen. RESULTS: The patient obtained a good postoperative hearing result. The histopathologic examination of the specimen documented an otosclerosis of the incus. CONCLUSION: Otosclerotic involvement of the middle ear ossicles, apart from footplate, was very rarely mentioned. Most subjects were incidentally diagnosed postmortem by means of examination of specimens from temporal bone collections. The diagnosis and treatment of a patient with otosclerosis of the incus is exceptional; however, otosclerosis should be considered in the differential diagnosis of expansible lesions of the ossicles.


Subject(s)
Incus/diagnostic imaging , Otosclerosis/diagnosis , Audiometry, Pure-Tone , Disease Progression , Female , Hearing Loss, Conductive/diagnosis , Hearing Loss, Conductive/etiology , Humans , Incus/pathology , Incus/surgery , Middle Aged , Ossicular Replacement , Otosclerosis/complications , Otosclerosis/surgery , Severity of Illness Index , Tinnitus/diagnosis , Tinnitus/etiology , Tomography, X-Ray Computed
14.
Rev Saude Publica ; 40(3): 420-7, 2006 Jun.
Article in Portuguese | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16810365

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To assess prevalence of dyspepsia and distribution of dyspepsia and frequent dyspepsia in subgroups of adults (20 years and older) according to their demographic and socioeconomic characteristics. METHODS: A cross-sectional population-based study was carried out comprising 3,934 subjects living in Pelotas, Southern Brazil, from October 1999 to January 2000. Data was collected through household interviews. Dyspepsia was defined as epigastric pain or discomfort associated or not with nausea in the previous year, according to Rome I and Rome II criteria. Frequent dyspepsia was defined as more than six dyspepsia episodes in the previous year and/or nausea, at least once a month. These outcomes were analyzed according to age, gender, skin color, educational level, per capita income and marital status. Data analysis was carried out through Pearson Chi-square test for categorical variables and linear trend test, when applicable. RESULTS: The prevalence of dyspepsia was 44.4% and frequent dyspepsia, 27.4%. The prevalences of reflux-like, ulcer-like, dysmotility-like and unspecific dyspepsia subtypes were 19.4%, 6.3%, 13.9%, and 16.6%, respectively. The prevalences of these subtypes of frequent dyspepsia were 14.7%, 4.9%, 11.2% and 6.8%, respectively. Prevalences among women were 50% higher. Low-income young people seemed to be more affected by dyspeptic symptoms. The analysis according to Rome II criteria showed prevalences of 15.9% and 7.5% for dyspepsia and frequent dyspepsia, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Dyspepsia and frequent dyspepsia were prevalent problems in the studied population. Most people could be classified in more than one subgroup of dyspepsia.


Subject(s)
Dyspepsia/epidemiology , Adult , Aged , Brazil/epidemiology , Dyspepsia/classification , Epidemiologic Methods , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Socioeconomic Factors , Urban Population
15.
Rev. saúde pública ; 40(3): 420-427, jun. 2006. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-430415

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Medir a prevalência e distribuição de dispepsia e dispepsia freqüente por subtipos na população com 20 anos ou mais segundo características socioeconômicas e demográficas. MÉTODOS: Estudo transversal, de base populacional, com 3.934 indivíduos moradores na cidade de Pelotas (RS), entrevistados em seus domicílios, de outubro de 1999 a janeiro de 2000. Dispepsia foi definida como dor ou desconforto no andar superior do abdome e/ou náuseas no ano anterior à entrevista (conforme critérios Roma I e II). Dispepsia freqüente incluiu o registro de dispepsia mais de seis vezes e/ou náuseas, uma vez por mês ou mais. Esses desfechos foram analisados por idade, sexo, cor da pele, escolaridade, renda e estado civil. Os dados foram analisados por meio do teste qui-quadrado de Pearson de associação para variáveis categóricas e teste de tendência linear, quando aplicável. RESULTADOS: A prevalência de dispepsia foi de 44,4 por cento e de dispepsia freqüente, 27,4 por cento. A prevalência de dispepsia tipo refluxo, úlcera, dismotilidade e não especificada foi, respectivamente, 19,4 por cento, 6,3 por cento, 13,9 por cento e 16,6 por cento; para dispepsia freqüente foram 14,7 por cento, 4,9 por cento, 11,2 por cento e 6,8 por cento, respectivamente. As mulheres apresentaram cerca de 50 por cento mais dispepsia freqüente. Indivíduos mais jovens e de menor renda apresentaram maiores prevalências de dispepsia e dispepsia freqüente. Análise de acordo com critérios de Roma II mostrou prevalências de 15,9 por cento e 7,5 por cento para dispepsia e dispepsia freqüente, respectivamente. CONCLUSÕES: A dispepsia constitui um problema prevalente na população estudada. A maioria dos indivíduos apresentaram mais de um subtipo de dispepsia.


Subject(s)
Dyspepsia , Cross-Sectional Studies , Risk Factors , Prevalence , Gastroesophageal Reflux , Ulcer
16.
Cad. psicanál. (Rio J., 1982) ; 22(25): 15-36, 2006.
Article in Portuguese | Index Psychology - journals | ID: psi-32613

ABSTRACT

Este artigo pretende discutir, de forma sintética, se a Psicanálise, desde Freud, Klein e seus continuadores, se fez, ou se faz, como um saber à parte, isolado dos demais ramos do conhecimento sobre a natureza humana e o relacionamento social. Articulando os dois eixos permanentes de tensão intra-psíquica (pulsão da vida vs. pulsão de morte) e inter psíquica (indivíduo vs. sociedade), convida à reflexão autocrítica sobre a ética na Psicanálise enquanto um campo de construção e de compartilhamento das diferenças(AU)


Subject(s)
Ethics , Psychoanalysis
17.
Cad. psicanál. (Rio J., 1982) ; 22(25): 15-36, 2006.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-498872

ABSTRACT

Este artigo pretende discutir, de forma sintética, se a Psicanálise, desde Freud, Klein e seus continuadores, se fez, ou se faz, como um saber à parte, isolado dos demais ramos do conhecimento sobre a natureza humana e o relacionamento social. Articulando os dois eixos permanentes de tensão intra-psíquica (pulsão da vida vs. pulsão de morte) e inter psíquica (indivíduo vs. sociedade), convida à reflexão autocrítica sobre a ética na Psicanálise enquanto um campo de construção e de compartilhamento das diferenças.


Subject(s)
Ethics , Psychoanalysis
18.
Arq Gastroenterol ; 42(2): 116-21, 2005.
Article in Portuguese | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16127568

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: O gastroesophageal reflux is a high prevalent disease with prevalence rates ranging from 21 to 56% in different countries. OBJECTIVE: To study the epidemiology and the prevalence of gastroesophageal reflux disease among adult population (20 years and old) at the city of Pelotas, southern Brazil. METHODOLOGY: A population-based cross-sectional study was conducted. Household interviews were done between October 1999 and January 2000. Association between gastroesophageal reflux disease and age, sex, skin color, years of formal education, income per capita, marital status, psychological variables (insomnia, stressful psychosocial events in the last year, psychological distress), body mass index, smoking and weekly consumption of alcoholic beverages was assessed through logistic regression. RESULTS: Three thousands and nine-hundred thirty four (3,934) individuals were interviewed. A prevalence of 31,3% (CI 95% 29.9%-32.8%). After allowing for confounding gastroesophageal reflux disease was significantly associated with female sex, living without partner, low level of formal education, insomnia, psychological distress, reported stressful psychosocial events in the last year, obesity and overweight. CONCLUSION: Gastroesophageal reflux disease is a high prevalent disease and its main associated factors are sex, anthropometric variables and psychological characteristics.


Subject(s)
Gastroesophageal Reflux/epidemiology , Adult , Aged , Alcohol Drinking/adverse effects , Body Mass Index , Brazil/epidemiology , Cross-Sectional Studies , Educational Status , Female , Gastroesophageal Reflux/etiology , Humans , Logistic Models , Male , Middle Aged , Prevalence , Risk Factors , Smoking/adverse effects , Surveys and Questionnaires
19.
Arq. gastroenterol ; 42(2): 116-121, abr.-jun. 2005. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-410682

ABSTRACT

RACIONAL: A doença de refluxo gastroesofágico é uma patologia de elevada prevalência, variando entre 21 por cento e 56 por cento em diferentes países. OBJETIVO: Estudar a epidemiologia e a prevalência da doença de refluxo gastroesofágico na população adulta (20 anos ou mais de idade) da cidade de Pelotas, RS. METODOLOGIA: Estudo transversal de base populacional, com entrevistas domiciliares entre outubro de 1999 e janeiro de 2000. Analisou-se por regressão logística a associação da doença de refluxo gastroesofágico com idade, sexo, cor da pele, escolaridade, renda per capita, estado civil, variáveis emocionais (insônia, eventos estressantes negativos e mal-estar psicológico), índice de massa corporal, tabagismo e consumo semanal de bebidas alcoólicas. RESULTADOS: Foram entrevistados 3.934 indivíduos, encontrando-se prevalência de 31,3 por cento (IC 95 por cento 29,9 por cento - 32,8 por cento). Após análise ajustada para controle de confusão encontrou-se associado com a doença de refluxo gastroesofágico o sexo feminino, viver sem companheiro(a), baixa escolaridade, presença de insônia, baixos índices de bem-estar psicológico, ocorrência de eventos estressantes e obesidade ou sobrepeso. CONCLUSÃO: A doença de refluxo gastroesofágico é uma patologia de elevada prevalência na população estudada, sendo o sexo, as variáveis antropométricas e as características emocionais, seus principais fatores associados.


Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Gastroesophageal Reflux/epidemiology , Alcohol Drinking/adverse effects , Body Mass Index , Brazil/epidemiology , Cross-Sectional Studies , Educational Status , Gastroesophageal Reflux/etiology , Logistic Models , Prevalence , Risk Factors , Surveys and Questionnaires , Smoking/adverse effects
20.
Cad. psicanál. (Rio J., 1982) ; 21(24): 113-132, 2005.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-480772

ABSTRACT

Este artigo versa sobre a dor mental gravada na fronteira psicobiológica. A natureza da dor não é compreensível ao paciente, que sente uma grande dificuldade em descrevê-la ao analista. Trata-se de algo quase físico, relacionado a uma situação de perda traumática ocorrida em um momento em que há uma tênue percepção da separação entre a mãe e o bebê, acarretando a má formação da pele psíquica e a constituição de uma segunda pele protetora que impede a desestruturação psicótica. Várias situações clínicas são apresentadas.


Subject(s)
Psychoanalysis , Pain
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